Specific Bodily Imbalances
by Christopher Pick, ND
I have coined the term, Specific Bodily Imbalances (SBI) to distinguish
them from actual diseases such as cancer or multiple sclerosis, etc. SBI
are conditions that are extremely detrimental to the body that can and often
do lead to serious illness. They are ignored in the main, by allopathic
(drug based) practitioners of medicine.
Toxic Liver
The liver is a powerhouse of metabolic functions. When it is healthy it
will detoxify most of the harmful and poisonous substances that are introduced
into and created in the body. Pesticides, insecticides, additives, chemicals,
drugs, 'spent' hormones, alcohol and heavy metals are among the hundreds
of substances it has to deal with second by second, so that we may stay alive.
Our livers' also store several minerals and vitamins, synthesise enzymes
and co-enzymes and produce cholesterol, etc. The list of functions that
are performed is almost endless.
The usual Western diet seriously impairs the liver's ability to perform
normally. It becomes highly toxic, with, in many cases, fatty deposits and
scar tissue. If our liver is toxic, so is our body. This amazing organ
can regenerate itself if the correct nutrients are supplied, even in cases
of cirrhosis.*
Many my clients, regardless of their problems, are given a herbal liver
cleanse in capsule form and/or a cleanse consisting mainly of lemon juice
and extra virgin olive or flax oil. This is made up by blending six tablespoons
of fresh lemon juice (if intolerant to lemons, use pineapple juice) together
with three tablespoons of pure virgin olive oil and a pinch of garlic, fresh
ginger & cayenne pepper. Take this first thing in morning half an hour
before food. Continue for ten days. Thereafter you can do this cleanse
for two or three consecutive days, three or four times per year.
I cannot over emphasise the importance of correct nutrition, to support
liver function.
*Levy, J.S., et al , South. Med. J. 1951.
Toxic Lymphatic System
The lymphatic system, which is given scant attention in medical circles,
consists of circulating lymphatic fluid, together with hundreds of lymphatic
nodes that filter bacteria and toxins, thereby keeping them out of the bloodstream.
These nodes are situated throughout the body. When we have a viral or bacterial
infection they can also become infected and inflamed. You will probably
have experienced the swelling of these nodes, particularly in the groin,
neck and behind the ears, at some time in your life. The lymphatic nodes
also produce lymphocytes, which are an extremely important part of the immune
defence system. The spleen and the thymus are also an integral part of the
lymphatic and immune system.
Lymphoid tissue (as in the nodes) is situated at other sites throughout
the body. Peyers' Patches, which are located on the mucous membrane lining
the intestines, are made up of a large amount of this tissue. This is due
to the potentially large amount of bacteria; allergens, poisons and toxins
that could enter the bloodstream via the intestines, from partially or even
fully digested foods.
Due to the huge amount of toxins in our food supply and in the environment,
together with the endless infections to which most people are exposed, the
lymphatic system becomes overloaded. The lymph nodes may become toxic and
infected; the lymphatic fluid can also become toxic, which will allow 'debris'
to be passed back into the blood supply, instead of passing out of the body.
This vital part of our body's immune system is often so compromised that
it adds to our problems rather than help to dissipate them!
Lymphatic fluid is propelled around the body by muscular contraction, therefore,
exercise; particularly rebounding (mini trampoline) is extremely beneficial
for stimulating the flow. A proper nutritional regimen, particularly minerals
and digestive enzymes, will help re-liquefy the fluid. Lymphatic massage
may be required in some cases to unblock any blocked nodes and to correctly
stimulate the flow of fluid
I give my clients an herbal lymphatic detoxification preparation, manufactured
to my own formula. Part of any health plan must include making sure that
the whole lymphatic system is functioning correctly.
Among others, these herbs help to detoxify and re-liquefy the lymphatic
fluid:
- Burdock
- Chaparral
- Echinacea
- Golden Seal
- Pau D'Arco
- Fenugreek
Toxic Bowel
Forty-seven per cent of the people I have tested, have a toxic bowel.
With this condition, dozens of poisonous substances, with alarming names,
such as octopamine*, sepsin, skarol, indican, putrescin, cadaverin and sepsin,
can leach back into the bloodstream, particularly when mycelial Candida is
present in the intestines and colon.
The urine measurement of indican is used to determine the severity of bowel
toxicity. This test is incorporated within a nutritional urine screen that
forms the basis of my work.
A toxic bowel is caused by impacted faecal matter clinging to the colon
wall! This improperly digested protein waste product can build up over the
years, until there are many pounds of weight of it! The colon relies on bile
from the gall bladder to stimulate muscular contraction called peristalsis,
to move waste through it, toward the rectum. A build up of faecal matter
can reduce the diameter of the colon substantially, and with poor peristaltic
action, due to a lack of bile and poor muscle tone, constipation rules!
Recent scientific evidence suggests that 'bad' bacteria produced by bowel
toxins can create an increase in the bacterial enzyme beta-glucuronidase
that can reactivate 'dead' oestrogens, which are re-absorbed into the blood.
Any elevation beyond the normal can have serious consequences for both males
and females. For instance, seventy-five percent of breast cancers are oestrogen
dependent, i.e. they are stimulated by oestrogen. Fibre passing through
the colon helps to absorb and carry away 'dead' oestrogen's, a lack of fibre
compounds the problem.
Bowel toxicity is an easy matter to correct. Supplementing with Psyllium
colon cleanse will clear the majority of minor cases in around six months.
Colonic Irrigation will achieve the same end in a shorter period of time.
I recommend that you have at least one colonic irrigation if you suspect
or are diagnosed with a toxic bowel, as the therapist will be in a position
to advise you of any other problems. These may include, parasites, worms,
candida, etc. Taking a course of Psyllium two or three times a year, is
a good preventative measure, and at the least, is a valuable additional source
of fibre.
A healthy colon that is packed with the correct ratios of 'friendly' bacteria
such as acidophilus and bifidus among others, is an absolute necessity for
health and longevity. They synthesise folic acid and vitamin K, among others,
and preserve the correct environment in the bowel. Eating natural 'live'
yoghurt (not flavoured, sweetened or desert yoghurt) is an excellent way
of ingesting these bacteria. They may also be taken as a supplement. I
would suggest paying particular attention to 'topping up' with these after
gastrointestinal problems, diarrhoea, taking antibiotics and colon cleansing.
See Chapter Four – Antibiotics, for dosage. A good colonic therapist will
replace the bowel bacteria washed out by irrigation. Note: Always insist
that a disposable speculum is used in your colonic treatment.
*Octopamine. I show octopamine as an example of a toxic substance’s capability.
Bacterial activity from a putrefying gut, instead of liberating phenylalanine
a precursor of catecholamine neurotransmitters, it (phenylalanine) is converted
into phenylethylamine (PEA). This absorbed by the gut wall and when it reaches
the brain it is converted into the pseudo-neurotransmitter octopamine, replacing
the active neurotransmitter noradrenaline. This may give rise to behavioural
changes, memory impairment, thinking processes impairment (foggy brain),
severe emotional problems, anxiety, depression and possibly schizophrenia.
With putrefaction, histamine is released from food. Histamine is active
in the body's immune response, sexual function and neuro-inhibitory activity.
However in the small intestine it causes an allergic response and causes
the intestine wall to secrete excessive mucous as a protective factor. Excessive
histamine in the mast cells of the penis can be the cause of premature ejaculation.
The subject of alimentary toxaemia (bowel toxicity) was discussed in London
before the Royal Society of Medicine, by fifty-seven of the leading physicians
of the U.K. Among the speakers were eminent surgeons, physicians, and specialists
in the various branches of medicine.
This following report is a resume of the proceedings written in 1912-13,
a 380 page report, which is on file at the library of the Royal Society of
Medicine in London.
Although this was some years ago, it is even more relevant to the present
time. Since 1913 our food quality has drastically deteriorated. The article
is a bit long-winded, with out of date spellings. If you have a large medical
dictionary to hand, it may help! However, the main message will be abundantly
clear. It is well worth ploughing through it, to fully appreciate the scale
of the problem.
Poisons Of Alimentary Intestinal Toxaemia
The following is a list of the various poisons noted by the several speakers
: Indol, skarol, phenol, indican, sulphurretted hydrogen, ammonia, histidine,
urrobilin, methylmeracaptan, tetramerhy-lendiamin, pentamethy-lendiamin,
putrescin, cadaverin, neurin, cholin, muscarine, butyric acid, bera-imidazzolethy-lamine,
methylglandinine, ptomarropine, botulin, tyramine, agamatine, tryptophane,
sepsin, idolethylamine, sulpherraglobine.
Of the 27 poisons mentioned above, several are highly active, producing
most profound effects, and in very small quantities. In cases of alimentary
toxaemia some or several of these poisons are constantly bathing the delicate
body cells, and setting up charges which finally result in grave disease.
Symptoms And Diseases Due To Alimentary Toxaemia
It should be understood that these findings are not mere theories, but
are the results of demonstrations in actual practice by eminent physicians.
Of course it is not claimed that alimentary toxaemia is the only cause of
all symptoms and disease named : Although of many it may be the sole cause,
some of them are due to other causes as well. In the following summary the
various symptoms and disorders mentioned in the discussion in London, to
which reference has been made above, are grouped and classified.
The Digestive Organs
This a direct quote from the original paper of 1920: Duodenal ulcer causing
partial or complete obstruction of the duodenum; pyloric spasm; pyloric obstruction;
distension and dilation of the stomach; gastric ulcer; cancer of the stomach;
adhesions of the omentum to the stomach and liver; inflammation of the liver;
cancer of the liver.
The muscular wall of the intestine as well as other muscles atrophy, so
that the passage of their contents is hindered. The abdominal viscera lose
their normal relationship to the spine and to each other, on account of weakening
of the abdominal muscles; these displacements are much more marked and serious
in women. Other conditions are: Catarrh of the intestines; foul gases and
foul smelling stools; colitis; acute enteritis; appendicitis, acute and chronic;
adhesions and 'kinks' of the intestines; visceroptosis; enlargement of spleen;
distended abdomen; tenderness of the abdomen; summer diarrhoea of children;
inflammation of pancreas; chronic dragging abdominal pains; gastritis; cancer
of pancreas; inflammatory changes of gall bladder; cancer of gall bladder;
gallstones; degeneration of liver; cirrhosis of liver; infection of the gums,
and decay of the teeth; ulcers in the mouth and pharynx.
Heart And Blood Vessels
Wasting and weakening of the heart muscles; micorbic cyamosis from breaking
up of blood cells; fatty degeneration of the heart; endocarditis; myocarditis;
subnormal blood pressure; enlargement of the heart; the dilation of the aorta;
high blood pressure; arteriosclerosis; permanent dilation of arteries.
Dr. W. Bezley says : "There are a few phases of cardiovascular trouble
(disease of heart and blood vessels) with which disorder of some part of
the alimentary tract is not causatively associated."
The Nervous System
Headaches of various kinds - frontal, occipital, temporal, dull or intense,
hemicrania; headache of a character to lead to a mistaken diagnosis of brain
tumour. Dr Lane tells of a case where a surgeon had proposed an operation
for the removal of a tumour from the frontal lobe of the brain; the difficulty
was wholly removed by the exclusion of the colon. Acute neuralgia pains
in the legs; neuritis; twitching of the eyes and of muscles of face, arms,
legs, etc. Lassitude; irritability; disturbances of nervous system, varying
from simple headaches to absolute collapse; mental and physical depression.
Insomnia; troubled sleep, unpleasant dreams; unrefreshing sleep, the patient
awakening tired; excessive sleepiness, patient falling asleep in the daytime;
shivery sensation across lower spinal region; burning sensations in the face,
hands, etc.; epileptiform tic; typhoid state; paralysis; chronic fatigue;
horror of noises; morbid introspection; perverted moral feelings; melancholia,
mania, loss of memory; difficulty of mental concentration; imbecility; insanity;
delirium, coma.
The Eyes
Quoting from a 1912 paper: Degenerative changes in the eyes; inflammation
of the lens; inflammation of the optic nerve; hardening of the lens; sclerotitis;
iritis; iridocyclitis; cataract; recurrent haemorrhage in the retina; eye
dull and heavy.
All these degenerative changes
are associated with under-nourishment, acidity, lack of oxygen, and lack
of minerals.
The Skin
Formation of wrinkles; thin, inelastic, starchy skin; pigmentation's of
the skin - yellow, brown, slate-black, blue; muddy complexion, offensive
secretion from the skin of flexures; thickening of the skin of the back of
the hand - sores and boils; pemphigus; pruritus; herpes; eczema; dermatitis;
lupus erythemarosus; acne rosacrea; cold clammy extremities; dark circles
under the eyes; seborrhoea; psoriasis; pityriasis; alopecia, lichen; planus;
jaundice; "An infinitesimal amount of poison may suffice to cause skin
eruption."
Muscles And Joints
Degeneration of the muscles; "Muscles waste and become soft and in
advanced cases tear easily. In young life the muscular debility produces
the deformities which are called dorsal excurvation, or round shoulders,
lateral curvature, flat-foot, and knock-knee." Weakness of abdominal
muscles causes accumulation of faeces in the pelvic colon, which renders
evacuation of contents more and more difficult. Prominence of bones; rheumatic
pains simulating sciatica and lumbago; various muscular pains; muscular rheumatism;
arthritis deformities; synavitis; rickets; arthritis, acute and chronic.
Tubercle, and rheumatoid arthritis are the direct result of intestinal intoxification.
Dr. Lane says : "I do not believe it is possible for either of these
diseases to obtain a foothold except in the presence of stasis."
Genito-Urinary And Reproductive Organs
Various displacements, distortion and disease of the uterus; change in
the whole forms contour of woman; fibrosis of breast; wasting of breasts;
induration of breasts; sub-acute and chronic mastitis; cancer of breast;
merritis and endometritis; infection of bladder especially in women; frequent
urination; albumosuria; acute nephritis; movable kidney; floating kidney.
Dr. Lane goes so far as to say: "Autointoxication plays so large a
part in the development of disease of the female genito-urinary apparatus,
that it may be regarded by the gynaecologist as a product of intestinal stasis."
General Disorders And Disturbances Of Nutrition
Degeneration of the organs of elimination, especially the liver, kidneys
(Bright's disease) and spleen; pernicious anaemia; lowered resistance to
infection of all kind; premature senile decay; retardation of growth in children,
accompanied by mental irritability and muscular fatigue; adenoids, enlarged
tonsils; scurvy; enlarged thyroid (goitre); various tumours and thyroid;
Raynaud's disease. In those who apparently suffer no harm from constipation
during a long series of years there is perhaps, as suggested by Hertz, a
partial immunity established. The writer has long believed that such an
immunity is sometimes established in the very obstinate constipation which
accompanies absolute fasting, because of the cleansing of the tongue and
reappearance of appetite which often occurs at the end of the second or third
week of the fast, a phenomenon very like that which appears in typhoid fever
and other continued fevers. It must be supposed, however, that even the
establishment or so-called immunity insures the body against all injury.
The labour of eliminating an enormous amount of virulent toxins, which
falls upon the kidneys, damages the renal tissues and produces premature
failure of these essential organs. Any process which develops toxins within
the body is a menace to the life of the tissues and should be suppressed
as far as possible, and as quickly as possible. The fact that symptoms of
poisoning resulting from constipation do not appear at once is no evidence
that injury is not done. Dr. William Hunter in the course of the London
discussion remarked that the fact that chronic constipation "might exist
in certain individuals as an almost permanent condition without apparently
causing ill health is due solely to the power and protective action of the
liver. It is not any evidence of the comparative harmlessness of constipation
per se, but only an evidence that some individuals possess the caecum and
the colon of an ox, with the liver of a pig, capable of doing any amount
of detoxification." In the face of such an array of evidence backed
up by authority of nearly 60 eminent English physicians - and many hundreds
of other English, U.S., German and French physicians whose names might be
added - it is no longer possible to ignore the importance of alimentary toxaemia
or autointoxification as a fact in the production of disease. To no other
single cause is it possible to attribute one-tenth as many various and widely
diverse disorders. It may be said that almost every chronic disease known
is directly or indirectly due to the influence of bacterial poisons absorbed
from the intestine. The colon may be justly looked upon as a veritable Pandora's
box, out of which come more human misery and suffering, mental and moral,
as well as physical than from any other known source.
The colon is a sewage system, but by neglect and abuse it becomes a cesspool.
When it is clean and normal; we are well and happy; let it stagnate, and
it will distil the poisons of decay, fermentation and putrefaction into the
blood, poisoning the brain and nervous system so that we become mentally
depressed and irritable; it will poison the heart so that we are weak and
listless; poisons the lungs so that the breath is foul; poisons the digestive
organs so we are distressed and bloated; and poisons the blood so that the
skin is sallow and unhealthy. In short, every organ of the body is poisoned,
and we age prematurely, look and feel old, the joints are stiff and painful,
neuritis, dull eyes and a sluggish brain overtake us; the pleasure of living
is gone.
When we have any, some or all of the foregoing toxicity problems, our bodies
will be affected throughout. Every system, organ and cell suffers an ever
increasing, health sapping onslaught. We are negatively affected not just
on a physical level, but also on the emotional and mental.
An apt analogy is one of a car engine that never has an oil change, it
becomes so clogged with its own waste that it can literally, blow up. We
are no different, millions of people 'blow up' every day.
Talking about the colon and waste removal is more or less a taboo subject
in 'polite society'! When I mention it (often) the reactions of people can
be hilarious! To labour the point, my other favourite analogy is: - Imagine
if the waste pipes in your house became blocked, yet you still kept using
the disposal systems, before long you would be sitting watching T.V. knee-deep
in effluent! This is exactly what happens to the body, it becomes 'knee-deep'
in its own effluent!
A clean and correctly functioning colon is one of the main contributors
to a healthy body and mind.
The Bile Connection
The liver manufactures bile and passes it on to the gall bladder. Bile
is required to emulsify or break down, dietary fats. Bile also stimulates
peristalsis, which are the muscular contractions that move waste matter through
the colon.
A diet that is high in refined carbohydrates (sugars), or low in protein
(Vegetarians and Vegans, beware) can inhibit the production of bile. Without
the action of bile, the enzymes that would normally work on the emulsified
fats to further digest them have very little effect. Fat digestion and absorption
are at a minimum. Undigested fats will bind with calcium and iron to form
hard 'soaps'. (I have seen these 'soaps' on many occasions, being flushed
away by colonic irrigation). Not only does this condition lead to hard stools,
constipation and add to the possibility of having a toxic bowel, but it also
deprives the body of calcium and iron.
Please note that there are many other factors that can cause calcium and
iron deficiencies.
Sixty-four per-cent of the people I have tested have a calcium deficiency
In North America, two government surveys which are known as the Health
and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANES) 1971-74 and the Nation-wide Food
Consumption Survey (NFCS) 1977-78 measured the intake of thirteen (why only
thirteen?) essential nutrients in many thousands of people. They used the
pitifully low Recommended Daily Allowances as a base mark.
Sixty-eight per-cent of the of the people tested got less than the RDA
of calcium. This figure matches my own findings as you can see.
The Vitamins, A, D, E, and K are fat soluble rather than water-soluble.
They need the action of bile acids to 'release' them so they can pass through
the intestinal wall into the bloodstream. Therefore, poor digestion and
absorption of fats can lead to a deficiency of these vital substances. A
further problem can be caused, by the undigested fats coating the carbohydrate
and protein content of the foods. In this instance, the
enzymes that normally work on these foods, cannot break through the fat barrier.
The HANES and NFCS reports also showed the following shortfalls against
the RDAs. Vitamin A, fifty per cent. Folic acid, 10 per cent +. Iron,
fifty-seven per cent. Magnesium, seventy-five per cent. Phosphorus, twenty-seven
per cent. Vitamin B1, forty-five per cent. Vitamin B2, thirty-two per cent.
Vitamin B3, thirty-three per cent. Vitamin B6, eighty per cent. Vitamin
B12, thirty-four per cent. Vitamin C, forty-one per cent. This really is
frightening health scenario for the North Americans. We in the U.K. will
be no different and possibly worse off!
Parasites
Ann Louise Gittleman, in her book, 'Guess What Came to Dinner' - Avery
Publishing Group Inc, states : "Over half of all Americans will at some
point become hosts to parasites". There are well over one hundred types
of these organisms that have been identified. I have no reason to believe
that we in Great Britain fair any better in this horrible, health sapping,
bodily invasion.
Transmission can be by foods and tap water, improperly cooked food (particularly
pork), pets, and by human contact. Day-care centres can be a real risk factor,
due to the cross contact with bodily waste. Vegetables known to carry parasites
are watercress, radishes, leafy greens, lettuce, etc. Fish infected with
tapeworm can consume most of the hosts supply of certain vitamins! Tapeworms
in the human body will seriously deplete vital nutrients. A parasitic infection
can cause many problems that are often misdiagnosed. If you suspect you
may have this problem, see if your G.P. will perform the relevant tests.
If I remotely suspect that parasites are involved, I give my clients a herbal
anti-parasiter, which I have manufactured to my own formula. I suggest that
you take an anti-parasite supplement as a very worthwhile 'insurance policy'.
I urge you to read Ann Louise Gittleman's book for the full horror story!
Allergies
Fifty-three per-cent of the people I have nutritionally screened have reported
that they have an allergic reaction (which may be an intolerance – these
are often confused) to various substances such as pollens, chemicals, food
additives, dust mites, dust, common drugs, sugar, alcohol, foods, etc. The
symptoms these allergies produce are manifold; Hives, eczema, runny nose,
streaming eyes, skin rash, skin itch, hay fever, fatigue, inability to sleep,
etc. The body perceives these substances, (including certain foods) as antigens
or foreign matter that pose a threat to its well-being, which is quite correct.
As the immune system becomes hyperactive due to constant challenge, its response
can sometimes be disproportional. It is the same reaction to that of you
or I being constantly stressed, day in, day out. The smallest additional
stress provokes a totally unwarranted reaction. In severe cases a person
may suffer anaphylactic (caused in some people by eating peanuts, for instance)
shock and die.
Those who suffer from improper digestion and or a permeable bowel, have
a greatly increased risk of antigens of all types entering the bloodstream
and producing some type of allergenic response. When there is an immune
reaction to a common food or foods, something is badly amiss, and it is usually
due to poor digestion. Incompletely digested food molecules entering the
bloodstream are potentially poisonous, therefore the immune system must take
up the 'challenge' and a reaction occurs.
To simplify as much as possible, the mechanism of an antigen response:-
When the immune system recognises an antigen for the first time, it mounts
an attack against it, by producing antibodies. An allergic reaction may
then take place. Antibodies attach themselves to tissue cells called mast
cells. When the same antigen comes along again, it 'excites' the mast cells,
which burst and release histamine. A reaction such as allergy or inflammation
will subsequently occur. Some allergies are 'hidden' as the body has become
used to the offending substance, in other words there is no definitive outward
sign, this is called The General Adaptation Syndrome. Unless this is recognised,
problems can be very hard to address.
A common method of food allergy treatment is to identify the offending
substance and remove it from the diet. This action only treats the symptoms
and not the cause. This is useless. The cause is usually centred on the
digestive process. Several clients that I have treated had eliminated so
many foods from their diets, that there was virtually nothing left they could
eat. One woman presented me with a ‘list’ of four foods that she was not
allergic to!
As part of The 24 Seven Health Plan (on a one to one basis) after a nutritional
urine screen, I will have my client 'load' digestive enzymes and digestive
co-factors for at least two weeks, as well as attending to any other problems
relating to digestion and absorption and or specific disease. After this
period they are encouraged to re-introduce 'offending foods' one by one.
In the majority of cases, no adverse reaction occurs.
The 24 Seven Health Plan also strengthens and 'calms' the immune system.
This allows its functioning and therefore response, to return to normal.
In many cases, allergies other than to foods will also disappear.
Important note: Some people are seriously allergic to certain substances
and foods such as peanuts. There are many reasons for this, including genetic
inheritance. If you know or suspect that you have a serious allergy, do
not change your management of it, do not try and treat it yourself and do
not ingest or expose yourself to it in any way. Seek the help of a healthcare
professional.
Allergies & Intolerance – The Difference
Any food introduced into the body is a potential poison until it is acted
upon by the complete and complicated actions of digestion. As well as sustaining
the life process, the eating of foods should be a pleasant experience at
the very least. Many of us can eat a wide variety of foods and completely
take for granted the whole of our digestive processes.
Just a little of the technical stuff! It is necessary to distinguish between
allergy and intolerance to certain foods and chemicals - both natural and
man-made.
Food allergy causes a hypersensitive reaction of the immune system via
immune mediated *IgE antibodies. An allergy usually manifests within a few
minutes of eating or being exposed to the offending substance. Reactions
can be extremely severe and may even result in death from anaphylactic shock.
The most commonly known triggers for this extreme reaction are peanuts and
wasp or bee stings.
Note. IgE antibodies are one of a group of structurally related proteins
that act as antibodies. Antibodies ‘attack’ what is considered to be a ‘foreign’
body.
Food intolerances usually manifest within 1-72 hours of eating. There
is not a proven immune response in this type of reaction, however the subject
is still open to argument. It is difficult to pinpoint the start of intolerance
problems and it is equally hard to equate the intolerance with a specific
health problem. For many people the problems start say, with a headache
or poor digestion, bloating gas and wind. Slowly over the months or years,
health problems become worse and a whole host of symptoms can be experienced.
These symptoms can fluctuate day to day, but usually sufferers are generally
run down, they get constant infections and are lethargic in the extreme.
It would be wise to note that in some cases, food intolerance can become
an allergy.
Millions of people suffer from food intolerance of some type and this leads
to years of ill health. They go from doctor to doctor over the years, in
an effort to solve their various problems, without any respite. It must
be emphasised that it is absolutely vital to identify the problem foods and
or chemicals via reproducible testing procedures. Treating the symptom(s)
is useless as it merely perpetuates the underlying causes. While the offending
foods are best avoided for a time, once the underlying cause has been determined
and treated, reintroducing the foods should present few problems.
Why So Many Sufferers?
Most people do not consider that the body is an extremely complicated manufacturing
unit that has to assemble tens of thousands of different substances on a
daily basis. The fuel for this incredible work should be provided by the
100 or so nutrients that were once present in our food chain. When this
was the case the body had little trouble in this manufacturing endeavour
and churned out every thing that was required, including digestive enzymes
and hydrochloric acid that are vital for the correct digestion of food.
We may say that a correctly functioning digestive system changes a potentially
poisonous substance (food) into a non-poisonous one. If it is not poisonous
there is little chance of any kind of reaction to it.
Unfortunately, over the last fifty years or so the nutrients in the soil
have severely diminished. Therefore there is a serious lack in our food
chain and a serious lack in us! To add insult to injury the toxic loads that
we all face, from man-made chemicals, traffic fumes, food additives, E numbers,
preservatives, binders, fillers and flow agents, to name just a few, is at
an all time high. Due to the foregoing it is virtually impossible for our
bodies to make the required quantity and quality of substances. Nowhere
is this more evident than with a lack of digestive enzymes or hydrochloric
acid and the subsequent food intolerances that arise because of it.
I have found that in over 800 individual nutritional urine screens that
I have conducted, 86% of those tested suffered from poor digestion and 99%
from poor absorption! Further, 37% of those tested complained of bloating,
gas and wind. If these figures are projected for the adult population of
the U.K., it means that potentially 36 million suffer from poor digestion,
41 million from poor absorption and 15.8 million people suffer with bloating,
gas and wind! Food intolerance is linked in most instances to the state and
capabilities of the digestive system.
Foods & Intolerance
Let us take a look at food intolerance in a little more depth. Perhaps
surprisingly, intolerance is very common with foods such as wheat or cow’s
milk. The majority of people usually consume these two items several times
daily. It would appear that for those who are going to become intolerant,
the more wheat or whatever that they consume, the more chance they have of
becoming intolerant. Interestingly, people tend to crave the food that causes
the problem! As new foods such as those derived from say soya, arrive in
the market place, over a period of time some people will become intolerant
to them.
Initially one may be intolerant to one or two foods and suffer one or two
‘peculiar’ symptoms. As time goes by more and more intolerance’s become
evident and ever more symptoms manifest. The result is ill health in some
degree, minor to major. I already mentioned a client who presented a ‘list’
of foods to which she was not allergic – her list contained 4 foods! This
unfortunate woman also detailed in excess of 25 symptoms from which she suffered.
Many conditions of ill health can be attributed to food intolerance, some
of these are Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, painful joints, skin eruptions, itchy
skin, bloating, wind, ulcers, nausea, food cravings, IBS, lethargy, arthritis,
headache, migraine, palpitations, confusion, mental fog, blocked sinuses,
watery, itchy & red eyes, hyperactivity, runny nose, bouts of sneezing,
weight gain, water retention, etc. It has been said that food intolerances
can be linked to over 100 diseases and single intolerance may lead to many
differing symptoms. Unfortunately, today it is the majority rather than
the minority who are affected in some way by these conditions.
The General Adaptation Syndrome
While this is a little complicated, it is well worth the effort of reading
as masked intolerances compound an already complicated picture.
Professor Hans Selye developed an understanding of a stress response that
he called the general adaptation syndrome. Theron Randolph, whose work in
this area in the 1940s, developed the theory of specific adaptation to substances
that are not tolerated by an individual. Randolph founded a movement in
medicine called Environmental Medicine. This is concerned with sensitivities
to foods, chemicals and other inhalants in the environment; it is this theory
of specific adaptation that is the basis for the understanding of both food
and chemical intolerance.
The three stages of the specific adaptation syndrome (or intolerance) follow
those of Selye's general adaptation syndrome, which is the body's response
to food, chemical, or environmental stress upon it. At the first (preadaptive)
stage, an immediate reaction of some sort occurs upon exposure to a substance
that isn't tolerated. This stage may be short-lived and forgotten, however,
repeated exposures will then cause the body to adapt, in order to cope with
this stress. The second (adaptive) stage is reached and this stage will
continue indefinitely if regular exposure to the ‘foreign’ substance continues.
Occasionally, if a person has always been exposed to this ‘foreign’ substance,
blind adaptation may occur, the first stage is skipped, so that the person
has always been in this adaptive state.
During the adaptive phase when the person is routinely exposed to the ‘foreign’
substance, the body masks the intolerance reaction and the adverse reactions
become delayed. Moreover, the patient often feels better after exposure
(addiction) the adverse reaction takes the form of withdrawal symptoms to
the offending substance, as an addictive process becomes established. The
sufferer may then crave the substance that is causing the problem. Because
the troublesome symptoms caused by intolerance at this stage do not immediately
follow exposure(s), food or chemical sensitivity is seldom suspected as being
the cause of the chronic symptoms that develop as a result of this masking
process. As you may imagine, it is very difficult in this scenario, to suspect
that particular problems are caused by intolerance. As I have said previously,
testing procedures are the only reliable way to check.
If intolerances continue over a long period of time, the sufferer may progress
to the later phase of stage two and move from adaptation to maladaption.
Here, ever-increasing doses of the ‘foreign’ substance are required for the
person to satisfy their withdrawal symptoms. In time even this increasing
load may provide no relief at all. In addition, multiple intolerances may
develop. In a small number of people, the masking mechanism may completely
break down so that the person becomes immediately ill upon exposure. With
alcoholism, this phenomenon is recognised, and in fact the mechanism of that
illness is thought to be the same as that of food intolerance. This is the
third and final stage of environmental illness, the post-adaptive stage.
The Key Problem In Food Intolerance - Digestion
Health and ill-health are dependent on certain initial primary factors.
The 'exterior' factors are foods, water and air, the 'interior' are the effectiveness
of digestion and absorption. These factors are totally inter-dependent.
On countless occasions my clients have stated that their health problems
can't possibly be food related, as they eat only organic and free-range foods.
They had not considered that the bodily mechanisms for the utilisation of
these foods (including supplements) may not be working correctly due to previous
poor dietary habits.
Digestion begins in the mouth, an enzyme called ptyalin (pronounced (tyalin)
is secreted in the saliva as we chew. This substance breaks down carbohydrates,
preparing them for further digestion in the stomach and intestine. The digestive
system is designed to 'split' food apart and liquidise it, the chewing process
plays an extremely important part in this. Food that is hastily swallowed
down creates a great deal of stress on the remaining digestive processes
and is the thin edge of the wedge, as it were.
Once food gets to the stomach, Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and other substances
take on the next phase of digestion. The body manufactures HCl from substances
such as minerals that it should have 'in store'. Based on scientific testing
procedures, I have found that ninety per-cent of the people I have tested
have a shortage of minerals present in the body, which, among others, can
lead to a severe shortage of HCl. In this scenario the initial phase of
digestion is now further and more severely compromised.
In most cases this leads to the first step on the path to food intolerance.
Further, the fermentation of the foods present in the gut results in bloating,
foul smelling gas, constipation, poor elimination, etc. Over time various
other symptoms become apparent.
Improving digestive capabilities is relatively easy in the majority of
cases. Supplementing with vegetable based digestive enzymes and/or HCl alleviates
this problem in ninety-nine percent of cases. Consuming raw organic vegetables
that are rich in enzymes is also highly beneficial. In an endeavour to get
to the cause of the problem, I investigate what may be affecting the ability
of the pancreas to produce digestive enzymes and/or bicarbonate and why there
may be a lack of stomach acid and fat emulsifying bile. In most instances
poor dietary habits and the resultant severe nutritional deficiencies that
affect every bodily organ are at the root of this particular problem.
Symptoms of a lack of stomach acid are exactly the same as that of excess.
It is my view, that a large percentage of the population actually has a shortage
of HCl, rather than excess. Here, we have a tremendous problem, as acid
suppressing drugs are one of the most prescribed in the western world, they
are further compounding an existing and serious problem.
A Little About Enzymes
"Enzymes are substances that make life possible. They are needed
for every chemical reaction that takes place in the human body. No mineral,
vitamin, or hormone can do any work without enzymes. Our bodies, all of
our organs, tissues, and cells, are run by metabolic enzymes. They are the
manual workers that build our body from proteins, carbohydrates, and fats,
just as construction workers build our home. You may have all the raw materials
with which to build, but without the workers (enzymes) you cannot even begin."
- Dr. Edward Howell, Enzyme Nutrition, the Food Enzyme Concept, 1985.
The day before I give a nutritional seminar, I make a cup of porridge oats
that is so thick it appears to have the density of mercury! This I use to
demonstrate the potency or digesting ability of digestive enzymes, as part
of my presentation. Over a 24-hour period the porridge sets in the cup and
it will not fall out if it is inverted! During the seminar I sprinkle the
contents of three or four enzymes on to the porridge mix and stir them in,
within thirty seconds the porridge is returned to a liquid state! This is
exactly what the body is trying to achieve with food – to reduce it or liquidise
it.
Foods that are properly broken down into very small molecules do not pose
a ‘threat’ of any sort to the body. They are correctly absorbed which not
only provides for the maximum nutrient potential to be extracted, but removes
the possibility of an intolerance being manifest, in most cases. Basically,
digestive enzymes take over where hydrochloric acid left off. Further in
the digestive process, bile emulsifies any fat that was present in the food.
Both hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes are multifunctional. Hydrochloric
acid all acts to kill bacteria and other ‘nasties’ in the stomach. Enzymes
that enter the blood stream can attack and destroy viruses and bacteria and
generally perform a ‘clean-up’ operation.
Notes: Raw foods such as vegetables and fruit have a high enzyme content.
These are important as they work to help the body’s enzyme supply in food
digestion. Cooking food above 118 degrees Fahrenheit destroys all food enzymes.
Therefore, it would be very helpful to eat a serving of raw organic vegetables
with each meal.
Improving digestion and absorption will not help intolerance to inhaled
substances such as paint fumes, although in some cases they may be minimised.
However, desensitisation procedures can be undertaken to help this particular
problem.
Generally, food intolerances do not go away, although the symptoms may
wax and wane. New symptoms may appear regularly or irregularly, others disappear
only to reappear later. The tendency is for the condition to become worse
over time, each sufferer has a different story to tell based around a common
theme – the misery of food intolerance! ! Intolerances, in the vast majority
of cases, are symptoms; the problem is elsewhere, usually with the digestive
system.
Note: Three case histories on food intolerance are to be found in the relevant
section at the end of this book.
Candida Albicans
I have decided to include the infestation by Candida under Specific Bodily
Imbalances, as candida is present in the human body, in minimal quantities,
from birth. Candida becomes a problem (that is often extremely severe) when
it is allowed to flourish unchecked.
I get far more letters, requesting help and information about the problems
of candida overgrowth, than on any other subject. It has become such an
enormous problem to the medical profession that the anti-fungal creams and
pessaries used to treat vaginal infections were taken off prescription a
few years ago. These preparations can suppress the infection in many cases,
but it is not unusual for the problem to return time and again, with greater
severity
Candida Albicans is an insidious invader of the human body. It is known
as the 'Great Imitator' as it can mirror dozens of different diseases. This
can create a problem of symptomatic treatment rather than that of cause.
In this situation candida gains an ever- increasing stronghold, slowly strangling
the immune system, which leaves the body's defence system partially paralysed.
From the moment of birth (and sometimes before) candida takes up residence,
normally creating a symbiotic relationship with the friendly bacteria within.
A depressed immune system allows an overgrowth of candida and it is this
overgrowth that is the problem.
Candida Albicans is a yeast-like fungus that likes to live in warm, dark,
damp environments such as the intestines, the vagina, between the toes, under
the nails, on the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and throat, and sometimes
on the surface of the skin. Candida lives by eating dead tissue and has
a party with refined carbohydrates, fruit sugars and yeasts! When we consume
quantities of animal protein loaded with antibiotics, or when they are prescribed
for the treatment of bacterial infections, they tend to turn the saprophytic
(vegetable organism living on dead organic matter) organism into a pathogen
(micro-organisms, such as bacteria). A pathogen can thrive on living tissue
and is capable of causing infection and disease.
Chronic infestation with Candida Albicans (there are over eighty strains
of candida) can release a minimum of seventy-nine known chemical substances
against which the body creates an identifiable antibody. If candida takes
hold in the stomach, it can damage the parietal cells that make HCl, further
compounding many problems such as allergies. Candida overgrowth in adults
is at epidemic proportions, even babies succumb, having been ‘infected’ by
the mother during pregnancy.
Candida can change form and become mycelial, this means that it grows root-like
tentacles. If for instance, this occurs in the bowel, the tentacles will
perforate it, allowing waste matter to enter the bloodstream, which obviously
creates many problems.
The 24 Seven Health Plan will help to eradicate an overgrowth of candida,
by boosting the performance of the immune system. More serious infestations
will need specific dietary and supplemental help. I use my own formula,
Candacleanse, for this purpose. This contains anti-candida and anti-parasite
substances such as caprylic acid, lactobacillus acidophilus, garlic, Pau
D'arco, echinacea, golden seal, butternut bark, biotin, citrus pectin and
psyllium, etc
It is of the utmost importance that both partners engaged in a sexual relationship
are treated, if one of them is diagnosed with candida. A woman with vaginal
candida (thrush), can pass the organism on to the male, who, in many instances,
will have no symptoms. The female, although being treated, can be constantly
re-infected by her partner and have no respite from the problem.
Vaginal candida (thrush) produces a thickish, yellow-white discharge that
has quite a strong smell and is usually accompanied by a severe itch. There
are other diseases such as *chlamydia, that can produce a similar discharge.
It has been my experience that many women are unable to tell a normal vaginal
discharge from the abnormal. If in doubt, consult you G.P.
Sufferers of mild vaginal thrush may like to use natural 'live' yoghurt
as a douche. Live yoghurt contains the ‘friendly’ bacteria Lactobacillus
acidophilus. This can be introduced into the vagina twice daily and also
taken orally as part of a dietary regimen.
*Chlamydia, which is a sexually transmitted disease, is rising at an alarming
rate and is strongly linked to PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease).
Further reading:
- The Yeast Connection - William G. Crook, M.D. - Vintage Books - U.S.A.
- The Yeast Syndrome - John Parks Trowbridge M.D. Bantam Books.
- Thrush - Jane Butterworth - Thorsons Books.
- The Practical Guide to Candida - Jane McWhirter MA. All Hallows House
Foundation. London.
- The Way Back - Jo Hampton - Kingston House Publishing - Skegness, England.
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease & Chlamydia - Patsy Wescott - Harper
Collins.
Hormonal Imbalance
At the risk of being branded a sexist, I think that I can safely say that
women are far more likely to be affected by a hormonal imbalance than men!
A woman's body is far more delicately hormonally balanced and any deviation
from the normal has a greater effect, both physically and emotionally. For
most women this imbalance is related to the menstrual cycle. Prior to and
during this time, there is a high demand for hormonal production and regulation.
Of the women I have screened, by their own admission, twenty per cent suffered
from menstrual cramps, fourteen per cent from menstrual irregularity and
forty per cent from PMT (PMS in America).
This makes a total of up to seventy-four per cent of women who experience
some type of menstrual problems on a monthly basis! This is not an evolutionary
feature that women have to live with! Rather, in the majority of cases, it
is a dietary-nutritional problem.
Hormones are secreted by certain endocrine glands. Essential fatty acids
(EFAs) which are precursors to hormones cannot be made by the body, they
must be supplied in the diet. These, together with 'good' cholesterol are
the raw material from which our bodies manufacture cell walls, prostaglandins
(hormone-like substances) and hormones.
On a western style diet, far to little EFAs are supplied. There are many
far-reaching effects of this shortage (see Chapter Two - Saturated Fats),
including a lack of hormone production. Some EFAs have to be converted to
other substances in the body, before they can be used. This conversion can
be blocked by other nutritional imbalances.
Evening Primrose Oil, which is an essential fatty acid, is a well-known
'therapy' for sufferers of PMT. This EFA is the most effective for some
people as it does not need to be converted to be utilised. Supplemental
calcium is also an extremely important nutrient in the treatment of PMT as
it relieves cramping, backache and nervousness. Someone once said that when
research showed that calcium helped PMT, there were queues of people outside
the pharmacies the next day and they were all men!
We are all dependent on the correct regulation of hormones and hormone
like substances called prostaglandins, (these are present in a wide variety
of tissues and body fluid) for the efficient operation of our bodies. We
play with them at our peril. Male athletes who inject steroids to improve
performance can suffer from many adverse affects, including shrinking testicles!
Female athletes on a heavy training schedule and/or taking steroids can stop
menstruating. Additionally, their breasts often shrink, their voice deepens
and body hair can increase. Normal female hormone production is shut down
and male hormones are produced as an adaptation measure!
The rise in testicular cancer is thought, in part, to be caused by males
getting excess doses of the female hormone, oestrogen, from the food chain.
A small proportion of males do get breast cancer, possibly for the same reason.
Too little of the hormone progesterone can affect the full shedding of
the womb lining during the monthly cycle. As progesterone is required to
support a growing foetus, too little of it can also result in a 'spontaneous
abortion'.
By supplementing with therapeutic doses of fatty acids such as evening
primrose, flax, hemp and Starflower oil, vitamin B6, calcium and zinc, many
menstrual problems will be solved. Thereafter, the fatty acids should ideally
come from daily dietary sources such as oily fish, other types of seafood,
unshelled nuts, seeds (Pumpkin, Sunflower, etc), extra virgin olive oil (unheated),
olives, raw coconut oil, etc. These can be supplemented with maintenance
levels of fatty acids from bottled or encapsulated oil.
Among the many other benefits of properly utilised essential fatty acids
are a healthy, taut, youthful skin and the elevation of testosterone levels
in males. We are conditioned to think of all fats as bad, when nothing could
be further from the truth. Essential fatty acids are named as such, because
they are essential. Without them, at the least, PMT would be the rule (which
it almost is) and at the worst, we would shrivel up and die!
Warning: Women who have breast cancer should seek the advice of a health
professional before supplementing with fatty acids.
Further reading
- Balancing Hormones Naturally - Kate Neil - ION Press
- Evening Primrose Oil - Judy Graham - Thorsons Publishing.
A Show jumper client who came to see me recently, was suffering from Chronic
Unwellness that included a severe hormonal imbalance. She worked long hours
with her horses, which is a physically demanding occupation. She had felt
unwell for years and had reached a crisis point. Whenever one of her horses
became ill she would send for the vet, who would often treat them nutritionally.
She would also ply the sick horse with extra nutrients, to help it get well
as soon as possible. Being somewhat desperate, she had figured that if nutrition
worked for the animals, then it might work for her and this is how she came
to see me! After three weeks on The 24 Seven Health Plan she felt a great
deal better and has continued to improve over the weeks.
I have treated the rich and poor, the famous and the ordinary, the young,
the old and everyone in between and if I know nothing else, I know that disease
does not discriminate.
It amazes me that pet and animal feed has far more nutrients added to it
than human foods. They are better nourished than we are and do not get many
of the debilitating and life threatening illnesses that afflict us. Given
this superior level of nutrition, this is no surprise.
Antibiotics
I firmly believe that the use of antibiotics is justified in certain cases.
They have and will continue to save lives. The problem is with the overuse
of these drugs. Some doctors prescribe them 'at the drop of a hat' with
no thought of the consequences. Patients also put pressure on their doctors
to prescribe them, believing that they are a simple answer to all problems.
Supply and demand in this instance, is not a good thing.
In his book- Superbug - Geoffrey Cannon quotes Dr Richard Novick - Director,
Public Health Research Institute, New York; 1979, "Through a characteristically
human combination of short-sightedness, greed and ignorance, we are now well
on the way to negating totally the usefulness of antibiotics. Antibiotics
have been (and still are) given for everything from headache to ingrown toenails;
they are swallowed, sucked, injected and smeared; they are painted on cuts,
dumped into wounds, fed to the chickens and pigs and sprayed on the floors
of hospital wards". Profound and indeed prophetic words.
All drugs have side effects, or contraindications to use the medical term.
These range in severity from mild through to serious. Often the 'cure' can
be worse than the disease. Side effects for the antibiotic Tetracycline,
for instance, are listed as: - stomach disturbances, allergies and additional
infections! A very common side effect for women on any type of antibiotic
is to get thrush. The 'good' bowel flora that are an essential part of our
secondary immune system get knocked out, allowing an overgrowth of the 'bad'
bacteria (candida or thrush) to proliferate. We may then become open to
infection by any number of bacteria with which a healthy immune system would
normally deal.
Bacteria are exceedingly clever, they can change form to become resistant
to a particular antibiotic, and therefore it takes stronger and stronger
versions or a completely different type to wipe them out. There is a new
Superbug that feeds off the strongest antibiotic cocktail that is currently
known, that is frightening and cause for serious concern.
We should all resist the temptation to seek or demand these drugs for every
cough, cold, snivel or minor problem that troubles us. Far better to strengthen
our immune systems' by nutritional means, so that we don't get every infection
that is 'going the rounds'. If we do have to take a course of them, thereafter,
acidophilus & bifidus should be administered in doses of at least two
grams a day of a practitioner strength product (10 billion organisms per
gram) for one week. This will help to re-populate the bowel flora, decimated
by many types of antibiotic. This is even more relevant to babies and children.
However, I would give babies (birth to one year) half to three quarters of
a gram daily and children one to three years, three quarters to one gram
daily.
The overuse of antibiotics and many other drugs, both prescriptive and
medicinal, is a significant contributor to the overall depletion of our immune
systems, and, therefore, the startling decline in our general health.
I return to my writing having taken a call from a prospective client, who
has kidney and gallstones, gum disease, high cholesterol, ulcers and constant
infections, for which he has had antibiotic treatment for the last eight
months. How old is he? Seventy? No. Sixty? No. Fifty? No. He is twenty-one!
Dental Amalgams
Dental amalgams are made up of approximately fifty-two per cent mercury,
the remainder can be made up of tin, zinc, copper, silver, etc. The toxicity
centre at the Tennessee University in the U.S.A. rates poisons for their
lethal toxicity potential to human beings. Plutonium is the most deadly
with a rating of 1900, mercury rates a score of 1600! Around twelve thousand
papers have been published showing the toxicity and dangers of amalgam!
The old saying 'mad as a hatter' came into being because people employed
in the making of hats, used mercury to form the curved brims of them. They
obviously were in contact with and inhaled huge amounts of mercury vapour
over many years, this affected neurological function and drove them 'mad'.
Mercury and the other metals used in dental amalgams leach into the body
via various mechanisms. They are deposited in the tissue and organs and
can effect many people in the most disastrous manner. Most dentists will
still tell you that amalgam fillings do not pose a risk to health. If this
is the case, why are female dentists' three and one half times more likely
to suffer from sterility and miscarriage? Why do all dental workers have
higher levels of cancers of the brain, heart and lungs?
Everyone is different and will therefore react differently to toxic substances.
Some will not react at all, others seriously or possibly fatally. I suspect
that those who do not react in an adverse manner have high levels of antioxidants
and chelating (binding) minerals that remove toxic metals from the body.
It would be extremely wise to be tested for mercury sensitivity before embarking
on a course of amalgam removal. There are dentists who specialise in the
correct removal of amalgams and offer nutritional planning to further minimise
any risks. If you can avoid it, do not have your amalgams removed by any
dentist who does not specialise in this work, as you may end up with more
trouble than you started with.
A powerful antioxidant formula that contains amongst others, selenium methionine
and the vitamins A, C & E will help the body detoxify and rid itself
of mercury. The amino acids, glutathione, cysteine and glycine also perform
this action, as does silica and alpha lipoic acid. It is also important
to get make sure that your body is receiving an adequate supply of all vitamins
and minerals.
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